Python Developer’s Guide¶ This guide is a comprehensive resource for contributing to Python – for both new and experienced contributors. It is maintained by the same community that maintains Python. We welcome your contributions to Python! 49 Mac Users Customize the Tkinter Buttons 50 Data Entry validation 51 Auto-complete Entry widgets 52 Adding scrollable frames the basics 53 Adding scrollable frames a more complex case 54 Closing the application 55 Starting the application outside of Pycharm 56 Creating an SQLite database 57 Saving your workspace to the database. The arcade library is a modern Python framework for crafting games with compelling graphics and sound. Object-oriented and built for Python 3.6 and up, arcade provides the programmer with a modern set of tools for crafting great Python game experiences. In this tutorial, you’ll learn how to: Install the arcade library; Draw items on the screen. However, system administrators can install Python 3 or 2 as per needs using various methods. This page shows how to install Python 3 or Python 2.7 on RHEL 8 using yum command. How to Install Python 3 / Python 2.7 on RHEL 8. The procedure for installing Python 3 on RHEL 8 is as follows: Open the Terminal application or window. An advanced fully featured g-code sender for grblHAL (formerly GRBL). BCNC is a cross platform program (Windows, Linux, Mac) written in python. The sender is robust and fast able to work nicely with old or slow hardware like Raspberry Pi (As it was validated by the GRBL maintainer on heavy testing).

This guide is a comprehensive resource for contributingto Python – for both new and experienced contributors. It ismaintained by the samecommunity that maintains Python. We welcome your contributions to Python!

Quick Reference¶

Here are the basic steps needed to get set up and contribute apatch. This is meant as a checklist, once you know the basics. For completeinstructions please see the setup guide.

1. Install and set up Git and other dependencies(see the Git Setup page for detailed information).

2. Fork the CPython repositoryto your GitHub account and get the source code using:

3. Build Python, on UNIX and Mac OS use:

   and on Windows use:

   See also more detailed instructions,how to install and build dependencies,and the platform-specific pages for UNIX,Mac OS, and Windows.

4. Run the tests:

   On most Mac OS X systems, replace ./pythonwith ./python.exe. On Windows, use python.bat. With Python2.7, replace test with test.regrtest.

5. Create a new branch where your work for the issue will go, e.g.:

   If an issue does not already exist, please create it. Trivial issues (e.g. typo fixes) do notrequire any issue to be created.

6. Once you fixed the issue, run the tests, run makepatchcheck, and ifeverything is ok, commit.

7. Push the branch on your fork on GitHub and create a pull request. Include the issue number using bpo-NNNN in thepull request description. For example:

8. Add a News entry into the Misc/NEWS.d directory as individual file. Thenews entry can be created by using blurb-it,or the blurb tool and its blurbaddcommand. Please read more about blurb in documentation.

Note

First time contributors will need to sign the Contributor LicensingAgreement (CLA) as described in the Licensing section ofthis guide.

Quick Links¶

Here are some links that you probably will reference frequently whilecontributing to Python:

• PEPs (Python Enhancement Proposals)

Status of Python branches¶

Branch	Schedule	Status	First release	End-of-life	Release manager
master	PEP 619	features	2021-10-04	TBD	Pablo Galindo Salgado
3.9	PEP 596	bugfix	2020-10-05	TBD	Łukasz Langa
3.8	PEP 569	bugfix	2019-10-14	2024-10	Łukasz Langa
3.7	PEP 537	security	2018-06-27	2023-06-27	Ned Deily
3.6	PEP 494	security	2016-12-23	2021-12-23	Ned Deily

The master branch is currently the future Python 3.10, and is the onlybranch that accepts new features. The latest release for each Pythonversion can be found on the download page.

Status:

features:	new features, bugfixes, and security fixes are accepted.
prerelease:	feature fixes, bugfixes, and security fixes are accepted for theupcoming feature release.
bugfix:	bugfixes and security fixes are accepted, new binaries are stillreleased. (Also called maintenance mode or stable release)
security:	only security fixes are accepted and no more binaries are released,but new source-only versions can be released
end-of-life:	release cycle is frozen; no further changes can be pushed to it.

Dates in italic are scheduled and can be adjusted.

By default, the end-of-life is scheduled 5 years after the first release,but can be adjusted by the release manager of each branch. All Python 2versions have reached end-of-life.

See also the Development Cycle page for more information about branches.

Contributing¶

We encourage everyone to contribute to Python and that’s why we have put up thisdeveloper’s guide. If you still have questions after reviewing the material inthis guide, then the Core Python Mentorship group is available to help guide newcontributors through the process.

A number of individuals from the Python community have contributed to a seriesof excellent guides at Open Source Guides.

Core developers and contributors alike will find the following guides useful:

Guide for contributing to Python:

New Contributors	Documentarians	Triagers	Core Developers
Getting Started	Helping with Documentation	Issue Tracking	How to Become a Core Developer
Where to Get Help	Documenting Python	Triaging an Issue	Developer Log
Lifecycle of a Pull Request	Style guide	Helping Triage Issues	Accepting Pull Requests
Running & Writing Tests	reStructuredText Primer	Experts Index	Development Cycle
Fixing “easy” Issues (and Beyond)	Translating	Core Developer Motivations and Affiliations
Following Python’s Development	Core Developers Office Hours
Git Bootcamp and Cheat Sheet

Advanced tasks and topics for once you are comfortable:

• Fixing issues found by the buildbots
• Helping out with reviewing open pull requests.See how to review a Pull Request.

It is recommended that the above documents be read as needed. Newcontributors will build understanding of the CPython workflow by reading thesections mentioned in this table. Youcan stop where you feel comfortable and begin contributing immediately withoutreading and understanding these documents all at once. If you do choose to skiparound within the documentation, be aware that it is written assuming precedingdocumentation has been read so you may find it necessary to backtrack to fill inmissing concepts and terminology.

Proposing changes to Python itself¶

Improving Python’s code, documentation and tests are ongoing tasks that arenever going to be “finished”, as Python operates as part of an ever-evolvingsystem of technology. An even more challenging ongoing task than thesenecessary maintenance activities is finding ways to make Python, in the form ofthe standard library and the language definition, an even better tool in adeveloper’s toolkit.

While these kinds of change are much rarer than those described above, they dohappen and that process is also described as part of this guide:

Other Interpreter Implementations¶

This guide is specifically for contributing to the Python reference interpreter,also known as CPython (while most of the standard library is written in Python,the interpreter core is written in C and integrates most easily with the C andC++ ecosystems).

There are other Python implementations, each with a different focus. LikeCPython, they always have more things they would like to do than they havedevelopers to work on them. Some major examples that may be of interest are:

• PyPy: A Python interpreter focused on high speed (JIT-compiled) operationon major platforms
• Jython: A Python interpreter focused on good integration with the JavaVirtual Machine (JVM) environment
• IronPython: A Python interpreter focused on good integration with theCommon Language Runtime (CLR) provided by .NET and Mono
• Stackless: A Python interpreter focused on providing lightweightmicrothreads while remaining largely compatible with CPython specificextension modules

Key Resources¶

• Coding style guides

  • PEP 7 (Style Guide for C Code)
  • PEP 8 (Style Guide for Python Code)

• Issue tracker

  • Meta tracker (issuetracker for the issue tracker)

• Source code

• PEPs (Python Enhancement Proposals)

Additional Resources¶

• Anyone can clone the sources for this guide. SeeHelping with the Developer’s Guide.

• Help with …

• Tool support

  • Various tools with configuration files as found in the Misc directory
  • Information about editors and their configurations can be found in thewiki

Code of Conduct¶

Please note that all interactions onPython Software Foundation-supportedinfrastructure is coveredby the PSF Code of Conduct,which includes all infrastructure used in the development of Python itself(e.g. mailing lists, issue trackers, GitHub, etc.).In general this means everyone is expected to be open, considerate, andrespectful of others no matter what their position is within the project.

Full Table of Contents¶

• 1. Getting Started
  • 1.3. Compile and build
  • 1.4. Install dependencies
  • 1.6. Troubleshoot the build
• 2. Where to Get Help
• 3. Lifecycle of a Pull Request
  • 3.3. Step-by-step Guide
  • 3.10. Reviewing
• 4. Running & Writing Tests
  • 4.1. Running
• 5. Increase Test Coverage
  • 5.2. Measuring Coverage
• 6. Helping with Documentation
• 7. Documenting Python
  • 7.2. Style guide
  • 7.3. reStructuredText Primer
  • 7.4. Additional Markup Constructs
  • 7.5. Building the documentation
  • 7.6. Translating
• 10. Issue Tracking
  • 10.1. Using the Issue Tracker
  • 10.3. Helping Triage Issues
• 11. Triaging an Issue
  • 11.2. Becoming a member of the Python triage team
  • 11.3. Fields in the Issue Tracker
• 12. Following Python’s Development
• 14. How to Become a Core Developer
  • 14.3. Gaining Commit Privileges
• 15. Developer Log
• 16. Accepting Pull Requests
  • 16.3. Working with Git
• 17. Development Cycle
  • 17.1. Branches
  • 17.2. Stages
  • 17.3. Repository Administration
• 18. Continuous Integration
• 19. Adding to the Stdlib
  • 19.2. Adding a new module
• 20. Changing the Python Language
• 21. Experts Index
• 22. gdb Support
• 23. Exploring CPython’s Internals
• 24. Changing CPython’s Grammar
• 25. Design of CPython’s Compiler
• 26. Design of CPython’s Garbage Collector
  • 26.3. Identifying reference cycles
  • 26.5. Optimization: generations
• 28. Coverity Scan
  • 28.3. Known limitations
  • 28.5. Workflow
• 29. Dynamic Analysis with Clang
  • 29.3. Clang/LLVM Setup
  • 29.4. Python Build Setup
• 30. Running a buildbot worker
  • 30.2. Setting up the buildbot worker
• 31. Core Developer Motivations and Affiliations
• 32. Git Bootcamp and Cheat Sheet
• 33. Appendix: Topics

English | MP4 | AVC 1280×720 | AAC 44KHz 2ch | 10 Hours | 3.67 GB

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What you’ll learn

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• How to Code a trading bot / Automate a trading strategy
• How to Connect to crypto exchange APIs in general
• How to Design a graphical user interface (GUI) in Python
• Improve your Python skills and good practices with a real-world project
• Learn to use a REST and Websocket API

Table of Contents

Introduction & Initial Setup
1 Course Overview
2 Installing Python
3 Installing and Using Pycharm
4 Creating your API keys

Application Entry Point & Interface API basics
5 Creating an Entry Point Logger Main window
6 Interacting with a public API
7 Displaying API data on an interface
8 Introduction to widget styling

How Do I Update Python On Mac

API Connectors Learn with Binance Futures
9 Binance Futures – REST API (Public endpoints coding)
10 Binance Futures – REST API (Public endpoint testing)
11 Binance Futures – REST API (Private endpoints)
12 Binance Futures – Websocket API
13 Binance Futures – Improvements Data Models & Variable Typing
14 Binance Futures – Improvements Error Handling & Private variables methods
15 Subscribing to more Websocket channels

API Connectors Apply your knowledge with Bitmex
16 Exercise Creating a basic Bitmex connector
17 Bitmex – REST API & Authentication
18 Bitmex – REST API Adding more functions
19 Bitmex – Websocket API
20 Convert a date-time string to an Unix Timestamp
21 Solving the problem of the order price and quantity rounding

Build Up the Interface
22 Parent Component & Interface organization
23 Logging Component
24 Updating the User Interface safely
25 Watchlist Component Structuring the Class
26 Watchlist Component Adding a Symbol
27 Watchlist Component Removing a symbol
28 Watchlist Component Updating the Watchlist
29 Exercise Creating the Trades Component
30 Trades Component
31 Strategy Component Initialization
32 Strategy Component Adding a new strategy
33 Strategy Component Deleting a strategy
34 Strategy Component Configuring additional parameters
35 Strategy Component Validating the additional parameters
36 Strategy Component Switching the strategy On Off
37 Source Code

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Strategies and Trading
38 Using classes to organize the strategy module
39 Candlestick data Parsing trades data
40 Candlestick data Updating the list of candlestick data
41 Coding the Breakout Strategy
42 Calculating the Technical Strategy indicators
43 Adding more conditions for entering a Trade or not
44 Calculating the trade size on Binance and Bitmex
45 Trade Execution
46 Displaying the PNL and Trade in the interface
47 Take Profit, Stop Loss, and Trade exits
48 Source Code

Updating Python On Mac Os

Enhance the Application with more features
49 Mac Users Customize the Tkinter Buttons
50 Data Entry validation
51 Auto-complete Entry widgets
52 Adding scrollable frames the basics
53 Adding scrollable frames a more complex case
54 Closing the application
55 Starting the application outside of Pycharm
56 Creating an SQLite database
57 Saving your workspace to the database
58 Creating a requirements.txt file
59 Integrating Binance Spot
60 Binance Spot Tesnet Generating API keys

Conclusion
61 Final words and advice
62 Source Code with Comments